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by D. Duarte, G. Anthony, J.-B. Auby and Acknowledgments by Prof. J.M. Sérvulo Correia) and to Prof. E. Schmidt-Assmann (speeches presented by H.-H. Trute, A. Pantelis and E. Prevedourou), are included.Vol. 27_2/2015 (96) This issue of the ERPL starts with an article dealing with the reconsideration of public intervention in the nancial spherein connection with the concept of nancial exclusion. The secondarticle claimsPublic Financial Management has itsroots in public policy, economics, law, political science, business studies andis widely considered to be a political and institutional rather than a purely technical and accounting process. In the thirdarticle, it is argued that the government and administration of central and local levels are put through dif cult trials as far astheir nancial situation is concerned. Local administration may improve effectiveness and ef ciency of budget-keeping by applying modern methods of New Public Management and good RegulatoryImpact Assessment. In the next article, itis maintained that Italy has been the rst nation worldwide which has imposed the protection of the cultural heritage and of the landscape as a fundamental principle of the Constitution, but planning hasalways been de cient and therefore the State introduced, starting from the year 2010, a binding opinion on landscape authorization. In the fth article, it is noticed that an increasing number of constitutions contain “unamendable provisions” in order to protect essential characteristics of the constitutional order or principles perceived as being at risk of repeal via the democratic process. The paper studies the text of unamendable provisions in 735 former and current written national constitutions and argues that the limitations are utilized to preserve a core of a nation’s constitutional identity, thus comprising its “genetic code”. Finally, the sixth article raises the question of the autonomy of the concept of sanction in substantive law, argues that the concept of sanction is making its presence tangible in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights, while it is also claiming the concept’s autonomy in everything we can characterize as the European law enforcement universe. In the section of chronicles on Constitutional Law, Cyprus, Georgia, Italy, the Netherlands and Russia are represented whereas developmentsin the Administrative Law of France, the Netherlands and Russia are chronicled. The Jurisprudence section includes chronicles on the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the decisions rendered by the French Constitutional Council in 2013. This ERPL issue concludes with the Book Reviews section, with two chronicles coming from Italy and the Netherlands respectively, while the section nishes with reviews of important public law books that were received by the EPLO Library.EUROPEAN REVIEW OF PUBLIC LAWACTIVITY REPORT 2016 137